End Hunger Fund Methodology

Food insecurity in the United States affects over 44 million people, including 13 million children. Rates of food insecurity vary widely across the country, with the highest levels observed in Mississippi, Louisiana, and West Virginia, and the lowest in New Hampshire, North Dakota, and Vermont. National trends indicate a rise in food insecurity due to economic instability and the COVID-19 pandemic, exacerbating existing disparities among vulnerable populations.

Systemic issues such as low wages, inadequate federal assistance, and high living costs contribute to persistent hunger across the nation. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) highlights the role of food deserts—areas with limited access to affordable and nutritious food—in further aggravating food insecurity, particularly in rural and low-income urban areas.

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program are essential federal initiatives that provide food assistance to low-income families. Research indicates these programs significantly reduce food insecurity and improve nutritional outcomes. However, recent studies show that SNAP benefits often fall short in covering the cost of meals, especially as food prices rise.

National School Lunch and Breakfast Programs are crucial in ensuring that children from low-income families receive nutritious meals. These programs have demonstrated improvements in academic performance and overall health. The expansion of free meals during the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the benefits of broad access to school meals in reducing child hunger.

Food banks and pantries, supported by organizations like Feeding America, provide emergency food supplies to millions of Americans. These programs are vital in bridging the gaps left by federal assistance, especially in times of crisis. For example, Feeding America’s network distributed over 6 billion meals in 2020 alone.

Local initiatives, such as community gardens and farmers' markets, enhance food access by providing fresh, affordable produce directly to underserved neighborhoods. These programs promote self-sufficiency and community engagement, often in partnership with local governments and nonprofit organizations.

Addressing the root causes of hunger requires policy changes, such as increasing the minimum wage, expanding affordable housing, and improving healthcare access. Advocacy and policy reform are essential to creating long-term food security.

These interventions, when implemented effectively, have the potential to greatly reduce the national burden of hunger and food insecurity in the US, leading to healthier communities and more robust economies.

• Severity of Hunger: States like Mississippi, Louisiana, and West Virginia report food insecurity rates significantly above the national average. Conversely, states like New Hampshire, North Dakota, and Vermont report the lowest levels of food insecurity.

• Demographic Disparities: Food insecurity disproportionately affects minorities, single-parent households, and rural populations, underscoring systemic inequalities.

• Impact of COVID-19: The pandemic exacerbated food insecurity, leading to increased demand for food assistance programs nationwide.

• Effectiveness of Policy Interventions: Programs like SNAP, WIC, and school meals have been effective in reducing food insecurity and improving nutritional outcomes.

• Role of Nonprofits: Nonprofit organizations, such as Feeding America, play a critical role in providing emergency food assistance and supporting long-term food security initiatives.

• Commitment to Transparency: Organizations have a 4 Star, 3 Beacon completion (minimum of one assessment for beacons with multiple assessments) on Charity Navigator, with a score of 95 or higher indicating a strong commitment to communicating their work, outcomes, and impact to donors and stakeholders

• Addresses the Leading Causes of hunger: The organizations must address the leading causes of hunger and food insecurity, particularly in high need and food desert regions. This focuses our lists on organizations working to scale policy and community based interventions to address hunger. This package of interventions is proven to greatly reduce hunger. 

• Proven Effectiveness: Organizations that have a track record of successfully reducing hunger and food insecurity through evidence-based interventions and scalability

The percent of the fund allocated to the nonprofit will be based on the following factors:

• Reach: The number of people potentially reached by the interventions based on their annual reports or geographic scope.

• Effectiveness of the intervention:  Organizations addressing hunger issues with proven interventions will be provided a greater allocation. When the evidence isn’t clear, the allocations will be equally distributed.

   

Caveat: Often, a nonprofit’s annual reporting or descriptions of interventions are not precise enough to make clear distinctions. When that is the case, we will default to an equal allocation of resources.